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British Medical Bulletin 42:70-74 (1986)
© 1986 The British Council

research-article

NON-CHOLINERGIC NEUROTRANSMITTER ABNORMALITIES IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE

M Rossor and L L Iversen

Institute of Neurology London
Merck Sharp & Dohme Research Laboratories Harlow Essex

Abstract

Apart from the damago to ascending cholinergic projections in Alzheimer's disease, biochemical studies on human brain post mortem have revealed a number of other neurochemical abnormalities. These include reductions in 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and 5-HT receptors, and in noradrenaline. There is also evidence of selective damage to somatostatin-containing elements in cerebral cortex, especially in the temporal lobe. Such other cortical peptides as enkephalins, neurotensin, cholecystokinin, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, substance P and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide are unaffected. Some regions of cerebral cortex show reduced concentrations of GABA.

The reduction in cortical somatostatin appears to be the most marked of these changes, and is the most clearly related to seventy of illness. All of the neurochemical deficits were most pronounced in younger patients.


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