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British Medical Bulletin 43:66-80 (1987)
© 1987 The British Council

research-article

Regulation of HLA Class I and Class II antigen expression

Peter Cresswell

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center Durham, North Carolina

Abstract

Regulation of the expression of class I and class II HLA antigens has been studied at a number of levels. The two classes differ considerably in their tissue distribution, with that of the class II molecules being considerably more restricted. Enhanced expression of both classes can be induced on a number of cell types by interferon treatment. Mutant B lymphoblastoid lines and somatic cell hybridisation experiments involving B and T cell lines have been used to uncover trans-acting regulatory genes which probably act at a transcriptional level to control class I and class II antigen expression. Class I and class II HLA antigens both exhibit unusual complexity in their biosynthesis and transport. Class I molecules require the product of another HLA-linked gene for efficient assembly and transport to the cell surface of glycoprotein-ß2 microglobulin dimers. Class II antigens are associated with a third glycoprotein, the invariant chain, and a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan during intracellular transport, but exist as a heterodimeric glycoprotein at the cell surface.


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