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British Medical Bulletin 43:336-349 (1987)
© 1987 The British Council

research-article

Complement-derived peptide mediators of inflammation

P J Jose

Section of Vascular Biology, MRC Clinical Research Centre Harrow, England

Abstract

The complement system of blood plasma and extravascular tissue fluid plays an important role in many immune defence reactions and absence of a functional complement system reduces many inflammatory reactions. Complement activation promotes acute inflammation, recruitment of leukocytes and killing of pathogens by phagocytosis, lysis or release of toxic products. The central event in complement activation is cleavage of C3 with the liberation of C3a and its metabolite, C3a des Arg. Similarly, activation of the fifth component results in the formation of C5a and C5a des Arg. C3a and C5a are anaphylatoxins because they release histamine and stimulate smooth muscle contraction. The C5-derived peptides have potent effects on leukocytes in vitro and promote neutrophil-endothelial interactions in vivo which lead to neutrophil accumulation and associated oedema formation.


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