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British Medical Bulletin 52:465-473 (1996)
© 1996 The British Council

research-article

Structural brain imaging in biological psychiatry

Sh{circumflex}n Lewis

Department of Psychiatry, School of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University of Manchester, Withington Hospital Manchester, UK

Abstract

The application of X-ray CT and magnetic resonance imaging to the study of brain sturcture in psychiatry research is reviewed. In schizophrenia, CT showed minor enlargements of fluid spaces; MR has shown volume reductions in medial temporal lobe structures and, most recently, general cortical grey matter. In affective disorders, subcortical white matter lesions seem to characterise particular subgroups. In childhood outism, no clear consensus has emerged despite earlier claims for cerebellar pathology. In dementia, medial temporal changes can be detected reliably Alzheimer's disease and are of diagnostic and prognostic importance.


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