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British Medical Bulletin 52:575-586 (1996)
© 1996 The British Council

research-article

Use of structural imaging to study the progression of Alzheimer's disease

A David Smith and Kim A Jobst

Oxford Project to Investigate Memory and Ageing (OPTIMA), University Department of Pharmacology and Radiology, University of Oxford and Radcliffe Infirmary Trust Oxford, UK

Abstract

Computed tomographic scans in the temporal lobe orientation are a valuable way of studying the medial temporal lobe. In patients with histopathologically-confirmed Alzaheimer's diseases the size of the medial temporal lobe is almost half that in age-matched controls and the rate of atrophy shown by yearly scans (15% per year) is 10-fold greater. Such a rapid rate of atrophy probably follows a catastrophic event in the brain indiacting that Alzheimer's disease is distinct from accelerated normal ageing. The degree of medial temporal lobe atrophy is related to the density of neurofibrillary tangles in the hippocampus; it is a useful guide to diagnosis and has potential as a screening tool in populations. It is proposed that measurement of the rate of atrophy in asymptomatic individuals may be a predictor of Alzheimer's disease and could be used to monitor the effectiveness of therapies designed to retard the rate of neurodegeneration.


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