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British Medical Bulletin 56:704-716 (2000)
© 2000 The British Council

research-article

Overview of advances in contraception

David T Baird

Centre for Reproductive Biology, University of Edinburgh Edinburgh, UK

Correspondence to Prof David T Baird, Contraceptive Development Network, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Centre for Reproductive Biology, University of Edinburgh, 37 Chalmers Street, Edinburgh EH3 9EW, UK

Abstract

For most of man's existence, natural checks on fertility ensured that the numbers of the population more or less matched the resources available. It is only in the last few generations that man has so dominated the natural environment that the numbers of people in the world have increased exponentially, unchecked by natural disasters such as disease and starvation. Coincidental with extended life expectancy, the fertility rate of individual women has increased with the advent of bottle feeding and the decline in the contraceptive effects of breast feeding. Contraception has become increasingly important to individuals, allowing them to break free from the ‘burden of excessive fertility’1.


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