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British Medical Bulletin 69:87-99 (2004)
British Medical Bulletin, Vol. 69 © The British Council 2004; all rights reserved

Time, travel and infection

Andrew Cliff* and Peter Haggett{dagger}

* Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge and {dagger} Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK

Correspondence to: Prof. AD Cliff, Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Downing Place, Cambridge CB2 3EN, UK

The collapse of geographical space over the last 200 years has had profound effects on the circulation of human populations and on the transfer of infectious diseases. Three examples are used to illustrate the process: (a) the impact of the switch from sail to steamships in importing measles into Fiji over a 40-year period; (b) changes in measles epidemic behaviour in Iceland over a 150-year period; and (c) changes in the spread of cholera within the United States over a 35-year period. In each case, the link between time, travel and disease has been an intimate one.


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