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British Medical Bulletin 60:183-199 (2001)
© 2001 Oxford University Press

Potential for the prevention of type 2 diabetes

Johan Eriksson, Jaana Lindström and Jaakko Tuomilehto

Diabetes and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.


   Need for prevention and prevention strategies
 
Type 2 diabetes is one of the most rapidly increasing chronic diseases in the world. The need for its primary prevention has been increasingly emphasised, although only during the past 10–15 years1GoGoGoGoGo–6Go. The main justifications of prevention of type 2 diabetes are the possible prevention or postponement of complications related to type 2 diabetes in order to reduce both human suffering and the socio-economic burden on the community. It has been repeatedly shown that both symptomatic and asymptomatic diabetic patients have an increased prevalence of both macrovascular and microvascular complications by the time the disease is first diagnosed7GoGo–9Go. A Swedish study showed that 77% of all costs for the care of type 2 diabetes were due to its complications, mostly cardiovascular10Go. Also, in people with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), both mortality and the risk of cardiovascular disease are markedly increased11Go,12Go. It has been estimated that at . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Prevention strategies


   Natural history of type 2 diabetes – the basis for prevention
 
When does the clock start ticking for type 2 diabetes?

Growth in childhood and adolescence

Health habits and their ‘programming’ in youth

Adult life-style

Elderly individuals


   Identification of target groups for intervention and implementation of preventive measures
 
Family history

Low birth weight

Childhood obesity

Gestational diabetes

Hypertension

Adult obesity

Transiently or slightly elevated blood glucose


   Past experience from primary prevention of diabetes mellitus
 

   Major recent life-style intervention studies
 
The Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study (DPS)

The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP)


   The future
 

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