| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
British Medical Bulletin 41:105-114 (1985)
© 1985 The British Council
research-article |
DEVELOPMENTAL CYCLES AND BIOLOGY OF PATHOGENIC TRYPANOSOMES
Department of Zoology, University of Glasgow
Abstract
The gross form changes undergone by trypanosomes when changing their environment are accompanied by adaptive activation and repression of metabolic pathways and correlated ultrastructural changes. In the life cycle of sleeping sickness trypanosomes (Trypanosome brucei), the most prominent changes occur in the mitochondrial system in relation to switches in the pathways of energy matabolism, and in the trypanosome surface in relation to evasion of the mammalian host's immune response through antigenic variation. The agent of South American trypanosomiasis (T. cruzi), exhibits neither a marked mitochondrial cycle nor antigenic variation, but changes in its surface components in relation to invasion of host cells and resistance to host defence mechanisms have been demonstrated. The study of trypanosome survival mechanisms may suggest ways of halting the development cycle and hence the progress of the disease.
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  A. M. Estevez The RNA-binding protein TbDRBD3 regulates the stability of a specific subset of mRNAs in trypanosomes Nucleic Acids Res., August 1, 2008; 36(14): 4573 - 4586. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Fridberg, C. L. Olson, E. S. Nakayasu, K. M. Tyler, I. C. Almeida, and D. M. Engman Sphingolipid synthesis is necessary for kinetoplast segregation and cytokinesis in Trypanosoma brucei J. Cell Sci., February 15, 2008; 121(4): 522 - 535. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. K. A. Natesan, L. Peacock, K. Matthews, W. Gibson, and M. C. Field Activation of Endocytosis as an Adaptation to the Mammalian Host by Trypanosomes Eukaryot. Cell, November 1, 2007; 6(11): 2029 - 2037. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. M. Hellman, M. Ciganda, S. V. Brown, J. Li, W. Ruyechan, and N. Williams Two Trypanosome-Specific Proteins Are Essential Factors for 5S rRNA Abundance and Ribosomal Assembly in Trypanosoma brucei Eukaryot. Cell, October 1, 2007; 6(10): 1766 - 1772. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. I. Al-Salabi, L. J. M. Wallace, A. Luscher, P. Maser, D. Candlish, B. Rodenko, M. K. Gould, I. Jabeen, S. N. Ajith, and H. P. de Koning Molecular Interactions Underlying the Unusually High Adenosine Affinity of a Novel Trypanosoma brucei Nucleoside Transporter Mol. Pharmacol., March 1, 2007; 71(3): 921 - 929. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Mayho, K. Fenn, P. Craddy, S. Crosthwaite, and K. Matthews Post-transcriptional control of nuclear-encoded cytochrome oxidase subunits in Trypanosoma brucei: evidence for genome-wide conservation of life-cycle stage-specific regulatory elements Nucleic Acids Res., October 6, 2006; 34(18): 5312 - 5324. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Colasante, V. P. Alibu, S. Kirchberger, J. Tjaden, C. Clayton, and F. Voncken Characterization and Developmentally Regulated Localization of the Mitochondrial Carrier Protein Homologue MCP6 from Trypanosoma brucei. Eukaryot. Cell, August 1, 2006; 5(8): 1194 - 1205. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Domenicali Pfister, G. Burkard, S. Morand, C. K. Renggli, I. Roditi, and E. Vassella A Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Controls Differentiation of Bloodstream Forms of Trypanosoma brucei. Eukaryot. Cell, July 1, 2006; 5(7): 1126 - 1135. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. C. Pradel, M. Bonhivers, N. Landrein, and D. R. Robinson NIMA-related kinase TbNRKC is involved in basal body separation in Trypanosoma brucei J. Cell Sci., May 1, 2006; 119(9): 1852 - 1863. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. V. Brown, P. Hosking, J. Li, and N. Williams ATP Synthase Is Responsible for Maintaining Mitochondrial Membrane Potential in Bloodstream Form Trypanosoma brucei Eukaryot. Cell, January 1, 2006; 5(1): 45 - 53. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Tu, J. Mancuso, W. Z. Cande, and C. C. Wang Distinct cytoskeletal modulation and regulation of G1-S transition in the two life stages of Trypanosoma brucei J. Cell Sci., October 1, 2005; 118(19): 4353 - 4364. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Tu and C. C. Wang Pairwise Knockdowns of cdc2-Related Kinases (CRKs) in Trypanosoma brucei Identified the CRKs for G1/S and G2/M Transitions and Demonstrated Distinctive Cytokinetic Regulations between Two Developmental Stages of the Organism Eukaryot. Cell, April 1, 2005; 4(4): 755 - 764. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. W. H. van Weelden, J. J. van Hellemond, F. R. Opperdoes, and A. G. M. Tielens New Functions for Parts of the Krebs Cycle in Procyclic Trypanosoma brucei, a Cycle Not Operating as a Cycle J. Biol. Chem., April 1, 2005; 280(13): 12451 - 12460. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Lamour, L. Riviere, V. Coustou, G. H. Coombs, M. P. Barrett, and F. Bringaud Proline Metabolism in Procyclic Trypanosoma brucei Is Down-regulated in the Presence of Glucose J. Biol. Chem., March 25, 2005; 280(12): 11902 - 11910. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Rubotham, K. Woods, J. A. Garcia-Salcedo, E. Pays, and D. P. Nolan Characterization of Two Protein Disulfide Isomerases from the Endocytic Pathway of Bloodstream Forms of Trypanosoma brucei J. Biol. Chem., March 18, 2005; 280(11): 10410 - 10418. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Engstler and M. Boshart Cold shock and regulation of surface protein trafficking convey sensitization to inducers of stage differentiation in Trypanosoma brucei Genes & Dev., November 15, 2004; 18(22): 2798 - 2811. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. C. Hammarton, M. Engstler, and J. C. Mottram The Trypanosoma brucei Cyclin, CYC2, Is Required for Cell Cycle Progression through G1 Phase and for Maintenance of Procyclic Form Cell Morphology J. Biol. Chem., June 4, 2004; 279(23): 24757 - 24764. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Nagamune, A. Acosta-Serrano, H. Uemura, R. Brun, C. Kunz-Renggli, Y. Maeda, M. A.J. Ferguson, and T. Kinoshita Surface Sialic Acids Taken from the Host Allow Trypanosome Survival in Tsetse Fly Vectors J. Exp. Med., May 17, 2004; 199(10): 1445 - 1450. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Tu and C. C. Wang The Involvement of Two cdc2-related Kinases (CRKs) in Trypanosoma brucei Cell Cycle Regulation and the Distinctive Stage-specific Phenotypes Caused by CRK3 Depletion J. Biol. Chem., May 7, 2004; 279(19): 20519 - 20528. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. J. Briggs, P. G. McKean, A. Baines, F. Moreira-Leite, J. Davidge, S. Vaughan, and K. Gull The flagella connector of Trypanosoma brucei: an unusual mobile transmembrane junction J. Cell Sci., May 1, 2004; 117(9): 1641 - 1651. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. W. Morgan, D. Goulding, and M. C. Field The Single Dynamin-like Protein of Trypanosoma brucei Regulates Mitochondrial Division and Is Not Required for Endocytosis J. Biol. Chem., March 12, 2004; 279(11): 10692 - 10701. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Sbicego, J. D. Alfonzo, A. M. Estevez, M. A. T. Rubio, X. Kang, C. W. Turck, M. Peris, and L. Simpson RBP38, a Novel RNA-Binding Protein from Trypanosomatid Mitochondria, Modulates RNA Stability Eukaryot. Cell, June 1, 2003; 2(3): 560 - 568. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. J. Nok and E. O. Balogun A Bloodstream Trypanosoma congolense Sialidase Could Be Involved in Anemia during Experimental Trypanosomiasis J. Biochem., June 1, 2003; 133(6): 725 - 730. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. W. H. van Weelden, B. Fast, A. Vogt, P. van der Meer, J. Saas, J. J. van Hellemond, A. G. M. Tielens, and M. Boshart Procyclic Trypanosoma brucei Do Not Use Krebs Cycle Activity for Energy Generation J. Biol. Chem., April 4, 2003; 278(15): 12854 - 12863. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. L. Hill Biology and Mechanism of Trypanosome Cell Motility Eukaryot. Cell, April 1, 2003; 2(2): 200 - 208. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. B. Muller, D. Domenicali-Pfister, I. Roditi, and E. Vassella Stage-specific Requirement of a Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase by Trypanosoma brucei Mol. Biol. Cell, November 1, 2002; 13(11): 3787 - 3799. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Grellier, S. Vendeville, R. Joyeau, I. M. D. Bastos, H. Drobecq, F. Frappier, A. R. L. Teixeira, J. Schrevel, E. Davioud-Charvet, C. Sergheraert, et al. Trypanosoma cruzi Prolyl Oligopeptidase Tc80 Is Involved in Nonphagocytic Mammalian Cell Invasion by Trypomastigotes J. Biol. Chem., December 7, 2001; 276(50): 47078 - 47086. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. K. Bayele, R. S. Eisenthal, and P. Towner Complementation of a Glucose Transporter Mutant of Schizosaccharomyces pombe by a Novel Trypanosoma brucei Gene J. Biol. Chem., May 5, 2000; 275(19): 14217 - 14222. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Tasker, J. Wilson, M. Sarkar, E. Hendriks, and K. Matthews A Novel Selection Regime for Differentiation Defects Demonstrates an Essential Role for the Stumpy Form in the Life Cycle of the African Trypanosome Mol. Biol. Cell, May 1, 2000; 11(5): 1905 - 1917. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. J. Van Hellemond, P. Neuville, R. T. Schwarz, K. R. Matthews, and J. C. Mottram Isolation of Trypanosoma brucei CYC2 and CYC3 Cyclin Genes by Rescue of a Yeast G1 Cyclin Mutant. FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CYC2 J. Biol. Chem., March 17, 2000; 275(12): 8315 - 8323. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Saas, K. Ziegelbauer, A. von Haeseler, B. Fast, and M. Boshart A Developmentally Regulated Aconitase Related to Iron-regulatory Protein-1 Is Localized in the Cytoplasm and in the Mitochondrion of Trypanosoma brucei J. Biol. Chem., January 28, 2000; 275(4): 2745 - 2755. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Pedram and J. E. Donelson The Anatomy and Transcription of a Monocistronic Expression Site for a Metacyclic Variant Surface Glycoprotein Gene in Trypanosoma brucei J. Biol. Chem., June 11, 1999; 274(24): 16876 - 16883. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. M. Alarcon, M. Pedram, and J. E. Donelson Leaky Transcription of Variant Surface Glycoprotein Gene Expression Sites in Bloodstream African Trypanosomes J. Biol. Chem., June 11, 1999; 274(24): 16884 - 16893. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V Dilbeck, M Berberof, A Van Cauwenberge, H Alexandre, and E Pays Characterization of a coiled coil protein present in the basal body of Trypanosoma brucei J. Cell Sci., January 12, 1999; 112(24): 4687 - 4694. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P Butikofer, E Vassella, S Ruepp, M Boschung, G Civenni, T Seebeck, A Hemphill, N Mookherjee, T. Pearson, and I Roditi Phosphorylation of a major GPI-anchored surface protein of Trypanosoma brucei during transport to the plasma membrane J. Cell Sci., January 6, 1999; 112(11): 1785 - 1795. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. Bringaud, D. Baltz, and T. Baltz Functional and molecular characterization of a glycosomal PPi-dependent enzyme in trypanosomatids: Pyruvate, phosphate dikinase PNAS, July 7, 1998; 95(14): 7963 - 7968. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. V. Graham, B. Wymer, and J. D. Barry Activity of a Trypanosome Metacyclic Variant Surface Glycoprotein Gene Promoter Is Dependent upon Life Cycle Stage and Chromosomal Context Mol. Cell. Biol., March 1, 1998; 18(3): 1137 - 1146. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Magez, M. Geuskens, A. Beschin, H. d. Favero, H. Verschueren, R. Lucas, E. Pays, and P. d. Baetselier Specific Uptake of Tumor Necrosis Factor-{alpha} Is Involved in Growth Control of Trypanosoma brucei J. Cell Biol., May 5, 1997; 137(3): 715 - 727. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E Vassella, B Reuner, B Yutzy, and M Boshart Differentiation of African trypanosomes is controlled by a density sensing mechanism which signals cell cycle arrest via the cAMP pathway J. Cell Sci., January 11, 1997; 110(21): 2661 - 2671. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Matthews and K Gull Commitment to differentiation and cell cycle re-entry are coincident but separable events in the transformation of African trypanosomes from their bloodstream to their insect form J. Cell Sci., January 10, 1997; 110(20): 2609 - 2618. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. W. Priest and S. L. Hajduk In Vitro Import of the Rieske Iron-Sulfur Protein by Trypanosome Mitochondria J. Biol. Chem., August 16, 1996; 271(33): 20060 - 20069. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Matthews, T Sherwin, and K Gull Mitochondrial genome repositioning during the differentiation of the African trypanosome between life cycle forms is microtubule mediated J. Cell Sci., January 6, 1995; 108(6): 2231 - 2239. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Gale, V. Carter, and M. Parsons Cell cycle-specific induction of an 89 kDa serine/threonine protein kinase activity in Trypanosoma brucei J. Cell Sci., July 1, 1994; 107(7): 1825 - 1832. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Woods, A. J. Baines, and K. Gull A high molecular mass phosphoprotein defined by a novel monoclonal antibody is closely associated with the intermicrotubule cross bridges in the Trypanosoma brucei cytoskeleton J. Cell Sci., November 1, 1992; 103(3): 665 - 675. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Acosta-Serrano, E. Vassella, M. Liniger, C. K. Renggli, R. Brun, I. Roditi, and P. T. Englund The surface coat of procyclic Trypanosoma brucei: Programmed expression and proteolytic cleavage of procyclin in the tsetse fly PNAS, February 13, 2001; 98(4): 1513 - 1518. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Nagamune, T. Nozaki, Y. Maeda, K. Ohishi, T. Fukuma, T. Hara, R. T. Schwarz, C. Sutterlin, R. Brun, H. Riezman, et al. Critical roles of glycosylphosphatidylinositol for Trypanosoma brucei PNAS, September 12, 2000; 97(19): 10336 - 10341. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|