| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
British Medical Bulletin 60:5-20 (2001)
© 2001 Oxford University Press
The thrifty phenotype hypothesis
Type 2 diabetes
* Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
MRC Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
The thrifty phenotype hypothesis proposes that the epidemiological associations between poor fetal and infant growth and the subsequent development of type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome result from the effects of poor nutrition in early life, which produces permanent changes in glucose-insulin metabolism. These changes include reduced capacity for insulin secretion and insulin resistance which, combined with effects of obesity, ageing and physical inactivity, are the most important factors in determining type 2 diabetes. Since the hypothesis was proposed, many studies world-wide have confirmed the initial epidemiological evidence, although the strength of the relationships has varied from one study to another. The relationship with insulin resistance is clear at all ages studied. Less clear is the relationship with insulin secretion. The relative contribution of genes and environment to these relationships remains a matter of debate. The contributions of maternal hyperglycaemia and the trajectory of postnatal growth need to be clarified.
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  A. Jelks, L. Belkacemi, Guang Han, W.-L. Chong, M. G. Ross, and M. Desai Paradoxical Increase in Maternal Plasma Leptin Levels in Food-Restricted Gestation: Contribution by Placental and Adipose Tissue Reproductive Sciences, July 1, 2009; 16(7): 665 - 675. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. R. Thorn, T. R. H. Regnault, L. D. Brown, P. J. Rozance, J. Keng, M. Roper, R. B. Wilkening, W. W. Hay Jr., and J. E. Friedman Intrauterine Growth Restriction Increases Fetal Hepatic Gluconeogenic Capacity and Reduces Messenger Ribonucleic Acid Translation Initiation and Nutrient Sensing in Fetal Liver and Skeletal Muscle Endocrinology, July 1, 2009; 150(7): 3021 - 3030. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. L. B. Barrett, J. Hunt, A. J. Moore, and P. J. Moore Separate and combined effects of nutrition during juvenile and sexual development on female life-history trajectories: the thrifty phenotype in a cockroach Proc R Soc B, June 24, 2009; (2009) rspb.2009.0725v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Diamanti-Kandarakis, J.-P. Bourguignon, L. C. Giudice, R. Hauser, G. S. Prins, A. M. Soto, R. T. Zoeller, and A. C. Gore Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals: An Endocrine Society Scientific Statement Endocr. Rev., June 1, 2009; 30(4): 293 - 342. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. Darendeliler, S. Poyrazoglu, F. Bas, O. Sancakli, and G. Gokcay Ghrelin levels are decreased in non-obese prepubertal children born large for gestational age Eur. J. Endocrinol., June 1, 2009; 160(6): 951 - 956. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. S Bhopal and S. B Rafnsson Could mitochondrial efficiency explain the susceptibility to adiposity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in South Asian populations? Int. J. Epidemiol., May 7, 2009; (2009) dyp202v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. S Adair, R. Martorell, A. D Stein, P. C Hallal, H. S Sachdev, D. Prabhakaran, A. K Wills, S. A Norris, D. L Dahly, N. R Lee, et al. Size at birth, weight gain in infancy and childhood, and adult blood pressure in 5 low- and middle-income-country cohorts: when does weight gain matter? Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, May 1, 2009; 89(5): 1383 - 1392. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Fernandez-Egea, M. Bernardo, T. Donner, I. Conget, E. Parellada, A. Justicia, E. Esmatjes, C. Garcia-Rizo, and B. Kirkpatrick Metabolic profile of antipsychotic-naive individuals with non-affective psychosis The British Journal of Psychiatry, May 1, 2009; 194(5): 434 - 438. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K Goosse, T Bouckenooghe, M Balteau, B Reusens, and C Remacle Implication of nitric oxide in the increased islet-cells vulnerability of adult progeny from protein-restricted mothers and its prevention by taurine J. Endocrinol., February 1, 2009; 200(2): 177 - 187. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. P. Sebert, M. A. Hyatt, L. L. Y. Chan, N. Patel, R. C. Bell, D. Keisler, T. Stephenson, H. Budge, M. E. Symonds, and D. S. Gardner Maternal Nutrient Restriction between Early and Midgestation and Its Impact Upon Appetite Regulation after Juvenile Obesity Endocrinology, February 1, 2009; 150(2): 634 - 641. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. W. L. Strufaldi, E. M. K. Da Silva, and R. F. Puccini Metabolic syndrome among prepubertal Brazilian schoolchildren Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research, November 1, 2008; 5(4): 291 - 297. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. R. Grattan Fetal Programming from Maternal Obesity: Eating Too Much for Two? Endocrinology, November 1, 2008; 149(11): 5345 - 5347. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. Kirkpatrick, E. Messias, P. D. Harvey, E. Fernandez-Egea, and C. R. Bowie Is Schizophrenia a Syndrome of Accelerated Aging? Schizophr Bull, November 1, 2008; 34(6): 1024 - 1032. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Misra and L. Khurana Obesity and the Metabolic Syndrome in Developing Countries J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 2008; 93(11_Supplement_1): s9 - s30. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R Ramaraj and P Chellappa Cardiovascular risk in South Asians Postgrad. Med. J., October 1, 2008; 84(996): 518 - 523. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Kinra, K V Rameshwar Sarma, Ghafoorunissa, V. V. R. Mendu, R. Ravikumar, V. Mohan, I. B Wilkinson, J. R Cockcroft, G. Davey Smith, and Y. Ben-Shlomo Effect of integration of supplemental nutrition with public health programmes in pregnancy and early childhood on cardiovascular risk in rural Indian adolescents: long term follow-up of Hyderabad nutrition trial BMJ, July 25, 2008; 337(jul25_1): a605 - a605. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Criscuolo, P. Monaghan, L. Nasir, and N. B Metcalfe Early nutrition and phenotypic development: 'catch-up' growth leads to elevated metabolic rate in adulthood Proc R Soc B, July 7, 2008; 275(1642): 1565 - 1570. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Remmers, L. A. W. Verhagen, R. A. H. Adan, and H. A. Delemarre-van de Waal Hypothalamic Neuropeptide Expression of Juvenile and Middle-Aged Rats after Early Postnatal Food Restriction Endocrinology, July 1, 2008; 149(7): 3617 - 3625. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Ibanez, A. Lopez-Bermejo, L. Suarez, M. V. Marcos, M. Diaz, and F. de Zegher Visceral Adiposity without Overweight in Children Born Small for Gestational Age J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 2008; 93(6): 2079 - 2083. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. Z. Stanger HNF4A and Diabetes: Injury Before Insult? Diabetes, June 1, 2008; 57(6): 1461 - 1462. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Vaag To be predisposed to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes J. Physiol., May 15, 2008; 586(10): 2421 - 2421. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Monaghan Early growth conditions, phenotypic development and environmental change Phil Trans R Soc B, May 12, 2008; 363(1497): 1635 - 1645. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Corvalan, A. D Dangour, and R. Uauy Need to address all forms of childhood malnutrition with a common agenda Arch. Dis. Child., May 1, 2008; 93(5): 361 - 362. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. A. Ricciotti State of the Art Reviews: Nutrition and Lifestyle for a Healthy Pregnancy American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, April 1, 2008; 2(2): 151 - 158. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. H. Vickers, P. D. Gluckman, A. H. Coveny, P. L. Hofman, W. S. Cutfield, A. Gertler, B. H. Breier, and M. Harris The Effect of Neonatal Leptin Treatment on Postnatal Weight Gain in Male Rats Is Dependent on Maternal Nutritional Status during Pregnancy Endocrinology, April 1, 2008; 149(4): 1906 - 1913. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. R. Sheets, P. Fulop, Z. Derdak, A. Kassai, E. Sabo, N. M. Mark, G. Paragh, J. R. Wands, and G. Baffy Uncoupling protein-2 modulates the lipid metabolic response to fasting in mice Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, April 1, 2008; 294(4): G1017 - G1024. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. L. Miller and S.-m. Ho Environmental Epigenetics and Asthma: Current Concepts and Call for Studies Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., March 15, 2008; 177(6): 567 - 573. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Ibanez, L. Suarez, A. Lopez-Bermejo, M. Diaz, C. Valls, and F. de Zegher Early Development of Visceral Fat Excess after Spontaneous Catch-Up Growth in Children with Low Birth Weight J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., March 1, 2008; 93(3): 925 - 928. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Vaag and P. Poulsen Periconceptional nutrition, twinning and how this impacts on current understanding of the aetiology and pathophysiology of the metabolic syndrome J. Physiol., March 1, 2008; 586(5): 1203 - 1204. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A.N. Kanade, S. Rao, R.S. Kelkar, and S. Gupte Maternal Nutrition and Birth Size among Urban Affluent and Rural Women in India J. Am. Coll. Nutr., February 1, 2008; 27(1): 137 - 145. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. B. Signorello, D. G. Schlundt, S. S. Cohen, M. D. Steinwandel, M. S. Buchowski, J. K. McLaughlin, M. K. Hargreaves, and W. J. Blot Comparing Diabetes Prevalence Between African Americans and Whites of Similar Socioeconomic Status Am J Public Health, December 1, 2007; 97(12): 2260 - 2267. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. W. Limesand, P. J. Rozance, D. Smith, and W. W. Hay Jr. Increased insulin sensitivity and maintenance of glucose utilization rates in fetal sheep with placental insufficiency and intrauterine growth restriction Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, December 1, 2007; 293(6): E1716 - E1725. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R Verkauskiene, J Beltrand, O Claris, D Chevenne, S Deghmoun, S Dorgeret, M Alison, P Gaucherand, O Sibony, and C Levy-Marchal Impact of fetal growth restriction on body composition and hormonal status at birth in infants of small and appropriate weight for gestational age Eur. J. Endocrinol., November 1, 2007; 157(5): 605 - 612. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. F Olsen, T. I Halldorsson, W. C Willett, V. K Knudsen, M. W Gillman, T. B Mikkelsen, J. Olsen, and and The NUTRIX Consortium Milk consumption during pregnancy is associated with increased infant size at birth: prospective cohort study Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, October 1, 2007; 86(4): 1104 - 1110. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. A Ross and J. A Milner Epigenetic modulation and cancer: effect of metabolic syndrome? Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, September 1, 2007; 86(3): 872S - 877S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Ferezou-Viala, A.-F. Roy, C. Serougne, D. Gripois, M. Parquet, V. Bailleux, A. Gertler, B. Delplanque, J. Djiane, M. Riottot, et al. Long-term consequences of maternal high-fat feeding on hypothalamic leptin sensitivity and diet-induced obesity in the offspring Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, September 1, 2007; 293(3): R1056 - R1062. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. B. Dunger, C. J. Petry, and K. K. Ong Genetics of Size at Birth Diabetes Care, July 1, 2007; 30(Supplement_2): S150 - S155. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Malamitsi-Puchner, D. D. Briana, M. Boutsikou, E. Kouskouni, D. Hassiakos, and D. Gourgiotis Perinatal Circulating Visfatin Levels in Intrauterine Growth Restriction Pediatrics, June 1, 2007; 119(6): e1314 - e1318. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Hovi, S. Andersson, J. G. Eriksson, A.-L. Jarvenpaa, S. Strang-Karlsson, O. Makitie, and E. Kajantie Glucose Regulation in Young Adults with Very Low Birth Weight N. Engl. J. Med., May 17, 2007; 356(20): 2053 - 2063. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. R. Ingelfinger Prematurity and the Legacy of Intrauterine Stress N. Engl. J. Med., May 17, 2007; 356(20): 2093 - 2095. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. M. Thompson, A. M. Norman, S. S. Donkin, R. R. Shankar, M. H. Vickers, J. L. Miles, and B. H. Breier Prenatal and Postnatal Pathways to Obesity: Different Underlying Mechanisms, Different Metabolic Outcomes Endocrinology, May 1, 2007; 148(5): 2345 - 2354. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Markoulaki, M. Kurokawa, S.-Y. Yoon, S. Matson, T. Ducibella, and R. Fissore Comparison of Ca2+ and CaMKII responses in IVF and ICSI in the mouse Mol. Hum. Reprod., April 1, 2007; 13(4): 265 - 272. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Thomas, E. Hypponen, and C. Power Prenatal Exposures and Glucose Metabolism in Adulthood: Are effects mediated through birth weight and adiposity? Diabetes Care, April 1, 2007; 30(4): 918 - 924. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D.S. Fernandez-Twinn, S. Ekizoglou, B.A. Gusterson, J. Luan, and S.E. Ozanne Compensatory mammary growth following protein restriction during pregnancy and lactation increases early-onset mammary tumor incidence in rats Carcinogenesis, March 1, 2007; 28(3): 545 - 552. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Elsenbruch, S. Benson, M. Rucke, M. Rose, J. Dudenhausen, M.K. Pincus-Knackstedt, B.F. Klapp, and P.C. Arck Social support during pregnancy: effects on maternal depressive symptoms, smoking and pregnancy outcome Hum. Reprod., March 1, 2007; 22(3): 869 - 877. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. D. Taylor and L. Poston Developmental programming of obesity in mammals Exp Physiol, March 1, 2007; 92(2): 287 - 298. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. B. Weder Evolution and Hypertension Hypertension, February 1, 2007; 49(2): 260 - 265. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. K. Pincus-Knackstedt, R. A. Joachim, S. M. Blois, A. J. Douglas, A. S. Orsal, B. F. Klapp, U. Wahn, E. Hamelmann, and P. C. Arck Prenatal Stress Enhances Susceptibility of Murine Adult Offspring toward Airway Inflammation J. Immunol., December 15, 2006; 177(12): 8484 - 8492. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. B. Mikkelsen, M. Osler, I. Orozova-Bekkevold, V. K. Knudsen, and S. F. Olsen Association between fruit and vegetable consumption and birth weight: A prospective study among 43,585 Danish women Scand J Public Health, December 1, 2006; 34(6): 616 - 622. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. T. Zoeller Endocrine Disruptors: Do Family Lines Carry an Epigenetic Record of Previous Generations' Exposures? Endocrinology, December 1, 2006; 147(12): 5513 - 5514. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D.-M. Alexe, G. Syridou, and E. Th. Petridou Determinants of Early Life Leptin Levels and Later Life Degenerative Outcomes Clin. Med. Res., December 1, 2006; 4(4): 326 - 335. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P D Gluckman and M A Hanson Adult disease: echoes of the past Eur. J. Endocrinol., November 1, 2006; 155(suppl_1): S47 - S50. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. P. Tracy The Five Cardinal Signs of Inflammation: Calor, Dolor, Rubor, Tumor ... and Penuria (Apologies to Aulus Cornelius Celsus, De medicina, c. A.D. 25). J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., October 1, 2006; 61(10): 1051 - 1052. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Srinivasan, S. D. Katewa, A. Palaniyappan, J. D. Pandya, and M. S. Patel Maternal high-fat diet consumption results in fetal malprogramming predisposing to the onset of metabolic syndrome-like phenotype in adulthood Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, October 1, 2006; 291(4): E792 - E799. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Buresova, V. Zidek, A. Musilova, M. Simakova, A. Fucikova, V. Bila, V. Kren, L. Kazdova, R. Di Nicolantonio, and M. Pravenec Genetic relationship between placental and fetal weights and markers of the metabolic syndrome in rat recombinant inbred strains Physiol Genomics, September 14, 2006; 26(3): 226 - 231. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. I. Hernandez, A. Martinez, T. Capurro, V. Pena, L. Trejo, A. Avila, T. Salazar, S. Asenjo, G. Iniguez, and V. Mericq Comparison of Clinical, Ultrasonographic, and Biochemical Differences at the Beginning of Puberty in Healthy Girls Born Either Small for Gestational Age or Appropriate for Gestational Age: Preliminary Results J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., September 1, 2006; 91(9): 3377 - 3381. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. M. Smith, L. L. LaGasse, C. Derauf, P. Grant, R. Shah, A. Arria, M. Huestis, W. Haning, A. Strauss, S. D. Grotta, et al. The Infant Development, Environment, and Lifestyle Study: Effects of Prenatal Methamphetamine Exposure, Polydrug Exposure, and Poverty on Intrauterine Growth Pediatrics, September 1, 2006; 118(3): 1149 - 1156. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. S. Fernandez-Twinn, S. Ekizoglou, A. Wayman, C. J. Petry, and S. E. Ozanne Maternal low-protein diet programs cardiac beta-adrenergic response and signaling in 3-mo-old male offspring Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, August 1, 2006; 291(2): R429 - R436. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Heude, C. J. Petry, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents Children (A, M. Pembrey, D. B. Dunger, and K. K. Ong The Insulin Gene Variable Number of Tandem Repeat: Associations and Interactions with Childhood Body Fat Mass and Insulin Secretion in Normal Children J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., July 1, 2006; 91(7): 2770 - 2775. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Arya, E. Demerath, C. P. Jenkinson, H. H.H. Goring, S. Puppala, V. Farook, S. Fowler, J. Schneider, R. Granato, R. G. Resendez, et al. A quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome 6q influences birth weight in two independent family studies Hum. Mol. Genet., May 15, 2006; 15(10): 1569 - 1579. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. O Krechowec, M. Vickers, A. Gertler, and B. H Breier Prenatal influences on leptin sensitivity and susceptibility to diet-induced obesity. J. Endocrinol., May 1, 2006; 189(2): 355 - 363. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. C Hallal, J. C K Wells, F. F Reichert, L. Anselmi, and C. G Victora Early determinants of physical activity in adolescence: prospective birth cohort study BMJ, April 29, 2006; 332(7548): 1002 - 1007. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. E. Murphy, R. Smith, W. B. Giles, and V. L. Clifton Endocrine Regulation of Human Fetal Growth: The Role of the Mother, Placenta, and Fetus Endocr. Rev., April 1, 2006; 27(2): 141 - 169. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. K. Ong, P. M. Emmett, S. Noble, A. Ness, D. B. Dunger, and and the ALSPAC Study Team Dietary Energy Intake at the Age of 4 Months Predicts Postnatal Weight Gain and Childhood Body Mass Index Pediatrics, March 1, 2006; 117(3): e503 - e508. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Watkins, A. Wilkins, C. Osmond, C. M. Warner, M. Comiskey, M. Hanson, and T. P. Fleming The influence of mouse Ped gene expression on postnatal development J. Physiol., February 15, 2006; 571(1): 211 - 220. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. M Prentice The emerging epidemic of obesity in developing countries Int. J. Epidemiol., February 1, 2006; 35(1): 93 - 99. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Radaelli, J. Uvena-Celebrezze, J. Minium, L. Huston-Presley, P. Catalano, and S. Hauguel-de Mouzon Maternal Interleukin-6: Marker of Fetal Growth and Adiposity Reproductive Sciences, January 1, 2006; 13(1): 53 - 57. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Favaro, E. Tenconi, and P. Santonastaso Perinatal Factors and the Risk of Developing Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa Arch Gen Psychiatry, January 1, 2006; 63(1): 82 - 88. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. M Schultz From egg to embryo: a peripatetic journey Reproduction, December 1, 2005; 130(6): 825 - 828. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Karlberg, H. Jalanko, J. Kallijarvi, A.-E. Lehesjoki, and M. Lipsanen-Nyman Insulin Resistance Syndrome in Subjects With Mutated RING Finger Protein TRIM37 Diabetes, December 1, 2005; 54(12): 3577 - 3581. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Grino Prenatal nutritional programming of central obesity and the metabolic syndrome: role of adipose tissue glucocorticoid metabolism Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, November 1, 2005; 289(5): R1233 - R1235. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. A Maloney and W. D Rees Gene-nutrient interactions during fetal development Reproduction, October 1, 2005; 130(4): 401 - 410. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Verkauskiene, D. Jaquet, S. Deghmoun, D. Chevenne, P. Czernichow, and C. Levy-Marchal Smallness for Gestational Age Is Associated with Persistent Change in Insulin-Like Growth Factor I (IGF-I) and the Ratio of IGF-I/IGF-Binding Protein-3 in Adulthood J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., October 1, 2005; 90(10): 5672 - 5676. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. S. Gardner, K. Tingey, B. W. M. Van Bon, S. E. Ozanne, V. Wilson, J. Dandrea, D. H. Keisler, T. Stephenson, and M. E. Symonds Programming of glucose-insulin metabolism in adult sheep after maternal undernutrition Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, October 1, 2005; 289(4): R947 - R954. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. H. Schou, K. Pilgaard, T. Vilsboll, C. B. Jensen, C. F. Deacon, J. J. Holst, A. Volund, S. Madsbad, and A. A. Vaag Normal Secretion and Action of the Gut Incretin Hormones Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 and Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide in Young Men with Low Birth Weight J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 2005; 90(8): 4912 - 4919. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. L. Gavete, M. A. Martin, C. Alvarez, and F. Escriva Maternal Food Restriction Enhances Insulin-Induced GLUT-4 Translocation and Insulin Signaling Pathway in Skeletal Muscle from Suckling Rats Endocrinology, August 1, 2005; 146(8): 3368 - 3378. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L A Coleman, A L Naleway, M E Davis, R T Greenlee, D Wilson, and D J McCarty Birth weight and systemic lupus erythematosus Lupus, July 1, 2005; 14(7): 526 - 528. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M Hanson and P Gluckman Endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease: the role of predictive adaptive responses Heart, July 1, 2005; 91(7): 864 - 866. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Gallou-Kabani and C. Junien Nutritional Epigenomics of Metabolic Syndrome: New Perspective Against the Epidemic Diabetes, July 1, 2005; 54(7): 1899 - 1906. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D A Lawlor, C J Riddoch, A S Page, L B Andersen, N Wedderkopp, M Harro, D Stansbie, and G Davey Smith Infant feeding and components of the metabolic syndrome: findings from the European Youth Heart Study Arch. Dis. Child., June 1, 2005; 90(6): 582 - 588. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Desai, C. Guerra, S. Wang, and M. G. Ross Protective effect of prenatal water restriction on offspring cardiovascular homeostasis in response to hemorrhage Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, June 1, 2005; 288(6): H2659 - H2665. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. A. Armitage, P. D. Taylor, and L. Poston Experimental models of developmental programming: consequences of exposure to an energy rich diet during development J. Physiol., May 15, 2005; 565(1): 3 - 8. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A. Hanson and P. D. Gluckman Developmental processes and the induction of cardiovascular function: conceptual aspects J. Physiol., May 15, 2005; 565(1): 27 - 34. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Wallace, T. R. H. Regnault, S. W. Limesand, W. W. Hay Jr, and R. V. Anthony Investigating the causes of low birth weight in contrasting ovine paradigms J. Physiol., May 15, 2005; 565(1): 19 - 26. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. D Gluckman, M. A Hanson, H. G Spencer, and P. Bateson Environmental influences during development and their later consequences for health and disease: implications for the interpretation of empirical studies Proc R Soc B, April 7, 2005; 272(1564): 671 - 677. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. C. Mcmillen and J. S. Robinson Developmental Origins of the Metabolic Syndrome: Prediction, Plasticity, and Programming Physiol Rev, April 1, 2005; 85(2): 571 - 633. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Silventoinen, J. Pankow, P. Jousilahti, G. Hu, and J. Tuomilehto Educational inequalities in the metabolic syndrome and coronary heart disease among middle-aged men and women Int. J. Epidemiol., April 1, 2005; 34(2): 327 - 334. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A M Prentice and S E Moore Early programming of adult diseases in resource poor countries Arch. Dis. Child., April 1, 2005; 90(4): 429 - 432. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. M. Boney, A. Verma, R. Tucker, and B. R. Vohr Metabolic Syndrome in Childhood: Association With Birth Weight, Maternal Obesity, and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Pediatrics, March 1, 2005; 115(3): e290 - e296. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. O'Rahilly, I. Barroso, and N. J. Wareham Genetic Factors in Type 2 Diabetes: The End of the Beginning? Science, January 21, 2005; 307(5708): 370 - 373. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. J. Rhodes Type 2 Diabetes-a Matter of {beta}-Cell Life and Death? Science, January 21, 2005; 307(5708): 380 - 384. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. Schreiner Promoting Lifestyle and Behavior Change in Overweight Children and Adolescents With Type 2 Diabetes Diabetes Spectr, January 1, 2005; 18(1): 9 - 12. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Schwartz and J. L. Morrison Impact and mechanisms of fetal physiological programming Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, January 1, 2005; 288(1): R11 - R15. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. D. Longo and W. J. Pearce Fetal cerebrovascular acclimatization responses to high-altitude, long-term hypoxia: a model for prenatal programming of adult disease? Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, January 1, 2005; 288(1): R16 - R24. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. G. Ross and M. Desai Gestational programming: population survival effects of drought and famine during pregnancy Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, January 1, 2005; 288(1): R25 - R33. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Desai, D. Gayle, J. Babu, and M. G. Ross Programmed obesity in intrauterine growth-restricted newborns: modulation by newborn nutrition Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, January 1, 2005; 288(1): R91 - R96. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Zhang, R. M. Lewis, C. Wang, N. Hales, and C. D. Byrne Maternal dietary iron restriction modulates hepatic lipid metabolism in the fetuses Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, January 1, 2005; 288(1): R104 - R111. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|